• He was born in Sirte in 1942. He is the son of Muhammad Abd al-Salam Ahmad Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi and his mother is Aisha bint Niran. He is the sole son of his parents after three older sisters. He learned to read and write in childhood and memorized the Holy Qur’an.
• He completed the primary education in three years and obtained the primary school certificate in 1956 from Sabha Primary School. He completed the preparatory school in Sabha.
• He enrolled in Sabha Secondary School to continue the secondary education for one year, where he began meetings to develop an organizational approach to collect the elements and tools of revolution and formed the first revolutionary committee of high school students in Sabha, and each cell formed other cells at their locations.
• He was flunk out from the school by royal decree because he led unionist demonstrations against the separation of Egypt and Syria on 05 October 1961 and against the assassination of African leader Patrice Lumumba.
• He moved to live in the City of Misrata, where he obtained the secondary school certificate in 1963. He instructed some groups of the organization and some members of the first cell to enroll in the Military College.
• In 1963, he enrolled in the Military College in Benghazi. in 1964, he reorganized the movement and formed the Central Committee of the Free Unionist Officer Movement from military persons. Moreover, he reorganized the Popular Civilian Cell to operate independently of the free Unionist Officer Movement. He graduated from the Military College in 1965 at the rank of a lieutenant officer. He enrolled in the university to study history and obtained a university degree from the History Department.
• In April 1966, he was sent to London for a training course in the field of the signal corps.
• In the early 1969, he handwrote a letter, reproduced several copies and distributed it to all formations of the Free Unionist Officers, specifying the final steps for revolution.
• In September 1969, he initiated the revolution and announced the establishment of the Libyan Arab Republic and abolished the monarchy, while he was at the rank of first lieutenant.
• After the revolution, he was promoted to the rank of colonel and headed the Revolutionary Command Council.
• He revoked the American and English military bases agreements and expelled the Fascist Italian settlers in the first year of the revolution.
• On 15 April 1973, he initiated the Popular Revolution and announced five points in his historic speech in the City of Zuwara.
• He introduced the Third International Theory in the three-chapter Green Book.
• Chapter One: Solution of the democracy problem by establishing the people’s authority through popular congresses and popular committees.
• Chapter Two: Solution of the economic problem by transferring the wealth to the people, transforming the wage-earners into partners, and freeing people from the need.
• Chapter Three: Social element that defines social relationships and ties in the family, tribe, and nation; emphasizes the role of the women, and the rights of minorities; and specifies the forms of education, sports, and arts.
• On 02 March 1977, he announced the establishment of people’s authority where the official name of Libya was changed into the Socialist People’s Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, where the authority was separated from the revolution, and he moved to incite for the establishment of people’s authority, and enabling the masses to possess power, wealth, and weapons.
• He wrote several intellectual and strategic books and had many literary works, including:
• Ạrạʾ Jadīdaẗaⁿ Fī Ạlsũwqi Wāltã Bīảẗi (New Insights into Market and Mobilization).
• Ạrbʿẗ Ạlạf Yaẘmuⁿ Mina Ạl̊ʿamali Ạlsĩrĩyĩ (Four Thousand Days of Secret Work).
• Ạl̊qar̊ya .. Ạl̊qar̊ya, Ạl̊ạrḍh.. Ạl̊ạrḍh Wāin̊tiḥāru Rāyỉdu Ạl̊faḍāʾi (Village .. Village, Earth .. Earth and Astronaut’s Suicide).
• taḥ̊yā daẘlaẗu ạl̊ḥuqarāʾi (Long Live the State of Dirtbags).
• He participated in many seminars and intellectual meetings and received many honorary doctorates in various sciences and fields.

He married and had eight children